April 30, 2025/CSL Research
Insecurity in Nigeria has taken a disturbing turn in recent months, marked by a resurgence of violent attacks in the country’s northeast by jihadist groups Boko Haram and its splinter faction, the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP). A Reuters report highlights a wave of deadly incidents, including the use of armed drones and roadside explosive devices, which killed at least 48 people in Adamawa and Borno states. These attacks have reignited fears of a major comeback by insurgents who have plagued the region for over 15 years.
Analysts attribute the renewed threat to a lull in infighting between the two groups and the adoption of advanced technology, potentially backed by increased funding from the Islamic State. In Borno State, the epicentre of the insurgency, Governor Babagana Zulum has warned of militant regrouping in key locations such as Lake Chad and the Sambisa Forest, raising alarm over the limited military response and the growing boldness of the attackers.
The high level of insecurity in Nigeria remains a pressing concern, with far-reaching consequences for investment flows, food supply, and overall socio-economic stability. Security incidents span a broad spectrum, including insurgency, attacks by unidentified gunmen, targeted killings of security personnel, widespread banditry, armed robbery, and frequent kidnappings. In addition, new threats such as the Lukurawa insurgency in the northwest are emerging, further complicating the security landscape. Other critical issues—such as child abduction and human trafficking—continue to exacerbate the crisis, undermining public safety.
One of the most alarming developments in the current wave of insecurity is the use of sophisticated weaponry and technology by terrorist groups. The adoption of armed drones by ISWAP suggests a shift from rudimentary attacks to more coordinated, technologically advanced warfare. This marks a dangerous escalation in the conflict and signals that these groups may be receiving external funding and logistical support. Roadside improvised explosive devices (IEDs), targeted assassinations, and ambushes have become more frequent, increasing the risk to both military personnel and civilians alike.
The resurgence of insurgent attacks in northeastern Nigeria, marked by increased sophistication and boldness, is a stark reminder that the country’s insecurity crisis remains unresolved. While the government has made efforts to combat the threat, the evolving nature of the conflict demands a more proactive and strategic response. Insecurity in Nigeria is not only a military challenge but a societal one, requiring long-term solutions that tackle its root causes and support the most vulnerable populations.
Without decisive and comprehensive action, the threat will continue to grow, undermining national stability and the hope for a peaceful future. Beyond military action, the government must invest in rebuilding trust, providing economic opportunities, and promoting education—especially in high-risk areas. Furthermore, regional cooperation with neighbouring countries in the Lake Chad Basin is vital to addressing cross-border threats. The adoption of community policing and the strengthening of local governance structures can also empower citizens to take part in their own security.
Click here to download full report: CSL Nigeria Daily – 30 April 2025 – Insecurity.pdf
